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Name	Size	Permission	Date
Algorithm	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
App	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Archive	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Array	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Attribute	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
B	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
CORE	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:42
CPAN	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:42
Capture	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Carp	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Class	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Compress	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Config	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
DBM_Filter	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Data	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Devel	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Digest	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Encode	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Exporter	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
ExtUtils	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
File	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Filter	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Getopt	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
HTML	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
HTTP	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Hash	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
I18N	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
IO	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
IPC	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
JSON	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
List	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Locale	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
MIME	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
MRO	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Math	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Memoize	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Module	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Net	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Params	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Parse	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:38
Perl	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
PerlIO	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Pod	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Regexp	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Scalar	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Search	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Software	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Sub	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Sys	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
TAP	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Term	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Test	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Test2	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Text	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Thread	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Tie	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Time	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Try	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
URI	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Unicode	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
User	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
Win32API	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
auto	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:38
autodie	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
encoding	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
overload	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
pods	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
threads	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
unicore	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
version	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
warnings	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx	2024-07-26 17:40
.packlist	90.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:08
AnyDBM_File.pm	2.56 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
AutoLoader.pm	15.43 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:57
AutoSplit.pm	19.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:57
B.pm	28.78 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Benchmark.pm	30.3 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
CORE.pod	3.11 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
CPAN.pm	142.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-06-13 08:47
Carp.pm	35.12 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Config.pm	3.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2024-07-26 17:42
Config.pod	258.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:01
Config_git.pl	421 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:01
Config_heavy.pl	37.27 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2023-11-19 11:41
Cwd.pm	21.43 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
DB.pm	18.48 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
DBM_Filter.pm	14.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Digest.pm	10.96 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-10-13 23:59
DirHandle.pm	2.04 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Dumpvalue.pm	17.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
DynaLoader.pm	25.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:01
Encode.pm	31.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-02 03:28
English.pm	4.65 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Env.pm	5.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Errno.pm	92.68 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:07
Exporter.pm	18.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Fatal.pm	57.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-22 19:03
Fcntl.pm	3.95 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
FileCache.pm	5.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
FileHandle.pm	6.63 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
FindBin.pm	4.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-11 21:08
GDBM_File.pm	2.03 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
IO.pm	1.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-05 00:24
Internals.pod	2.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Memoize.pm	35.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
NDBM_File.pm	3.01 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
NEXT.pm	18.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
O.pm	4.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
ODBM_File.pm	2.9 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Opcode.pm	15.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-09 14:15
POSIX.pm	19.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
POSIX.pod	78.81 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
PerlIO.pm	14.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
SDBM_File.pm	3.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Safe.pm	24.77 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-09 14:15
SelectSaver.pm	1.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
SelfLoader.pm	17.27 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Socket.pm	36.16 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-05 17:48
Storable.pm	48.75 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Symbol.pm	4.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
Test.pm	29.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
Test2.pm	6.24 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-10-22 07:10
Thread.pm	8.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
UNIVERSAL.pm	6.44 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
URI.pm	33.95 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-14 18:01
Win32.pm	57.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-03-28 07:37
Win32CORE.pm	1.27 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
XSLoader.pm	11.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:07
_charnames.pm	33.35 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
attributes.pm	15.97 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
autodie.pm	12.14 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-22 19:03
autouse.pm	4.14 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
base.pm	10.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
bigint.pm	22.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
bignum.pm	20.64 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
bigrat.pm	15.78 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
blib.pm	2.01 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
bytes.pm	3.65 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
bytes_heavy.pl	758 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
charnames.pm	20.44 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
constant.pm	14.38 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
cpanfile-faq.pod	4.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2018-04-26 13:07
cpanfile.pod	3.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2018-04-26 13:07
deprecate.pm	4.5 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
diagnostics.pm	18.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
dumpvar.pl	15.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
encoding.pm	22.41 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:57
experimental.pm	7.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-05-05 00:34
feature.pm	18.56 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
fields.pm	9.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
filetest.pm	3.91 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
if.pm	3.53 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
integer.pm	3.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
less.pm	3.13 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
lib.pm	6.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 16:01
locale.pm	4.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
meta_notation.pm	2.07 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
mro.pm	9.66 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
newgetopt.pl	2.15 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2010-07-09 16:26
ok.pm	967 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-10-22 07:10
open.pm	8.31 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
ops.pm	997 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
overload.pm	52.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
overloading.pm	1.77 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
parent.pm	2.64 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
perl5db.pl	309.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
perlfaq.pm	77 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq.pod	22.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq1.pod	14.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq2.pod	9.16 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq3.pod	36.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq4.pod	86.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq5.pod	54.21 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq6.pod	38.61 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq7.pod	36.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq8.pod	48.77 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlfaq9.pod	14.86 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perlglossary.pod	134.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-11-07 23:02
perllocal.pod	115.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2021-01-24 18:08
re.pm	24.8 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
sigtrap.pm	8.53 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
sort.pm	3.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
strict.pm	4.63 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
subs.pm	901 B	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
threads.pm	37.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
utf8.pm	10.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04
vars.pm	2.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
version.pm	3.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-09-22 22:16
version.pod	9.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-07-31 20:44
vmsish.pm	4.21 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 11:58
warnings.pm	49.35 KB	-rw-rw-rw-	2020-12-18 12:04

Rename

package SDBM_File;

use strict;
use warnings;

require Tie::Hash;
require XSLoader;

our @ISA = qw(Tie::Hash);
our $VERSION = "1.15";

our @EXPORT_OK = qw(PAGFEXT DIRFEXT PAIRMAX);
use Exporter "import";

XSLoader::load();

__END__

=head1 NAME

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use Fcntl;   # For O_RDWR, O_CREAT, etc.
 use SDBM_File;

tie(%h, 'SDBM_File', 'filename', O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0666)
   or die "Couldn't tie SDBM file 'filename': $!; aborting";

# Now read and change the hash
 $h{newkey} = newvalue;
 print $h{oldkey}; 
 ...

untie %h;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

C<SDBM_File> establishes a connection between a Perl hash variable and
a file in SDBM_File format.  You can manipulate the data in the file
just as if it were in a Perl hash, but when your program exits, the
data will remain in the file, to be used the next time your program
runs.

=head2 Tie

Use C<SDBM_File> with the Perl built-in C<tie> function to establish
the connection between the variable and the file.

tie %hash, 'SDBM_File', $basename, $modeflags, $perms;

tie %hash, 'SDBM_File', $dirfile,  $modeflags, $perms, $pagfilename;

C<$basename> is the base filename for the database.  The database is two
files with ".dir" and ".pag" extensions appended to C<$basename>,

$basename.dir     (or .sdbm_dir on VMS, per DIRFEXT constant)
    $basename.pag

The two filenames can also be given separately in full as C<$dirfile>
and C<$pagfilename>.  This suits for two files without ".dir" and ".pag"
extensions, perhaps for example two files from L<File::Temp>.

C<$modeflags> can be the following constants from the C<Fcntl> module (in
the style of the L<open(2)> system call),

O_RDONLY          read-only access
    O_WRONLY          write-only access
    O_RDWR            read and write access

If you want to create the file if it does not already exist then bitwise-OR
(C<|>) C<O_CREAT> too.  If you omit C<O_CREAT> and the database does not
already exist then the C<tie> call will fail.

O_CREAT           create database if doesn't already exist

C<$perms> is the file permissions bits to use if new database files are
created.  This parameter is mandatory even when not creating a new database.
The permissions will be reduced by the user's umask so the usual value here
would be 0666, or if some very private data then 0600.  (See
L<perlfunc/umask>.)

=head1 EXPORTS

SDBM_File optionally exports the following constants:

=over

=item *

C<PAGFEXT> - the extension used for the page file, usually C<.pag>.

=item *

C<DIRFEXT> - the extension used for the directory file, C<.dir>
everywhere but VMS, where it is C<.sdbm_dir>.

=item *

C<PAIRMAX> - the maximum size of a stored hash entry, including the
length of both the key and value.

=back

These constants can also be used with fully qualified names,
eg. C<SDBM_File::PAGFEXT>.

=head1 DIAGNOSTICS

On failure, the C<tie> call returns an undefined value and probably
sets C<$!> to contain the reason the file could not be tied.

=head2 C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>

This warning is emitted when you try to store a key or a value that
is too long.  It means that the change was not recorded in the
database.  See BUGS AND WARNINGS below.

=head1 SECURITY WARNING

B<Do not accept SDBM files from untrusted sources!>

The sdbm file format was designed for speed and convenience, not for
portability or security.  A maliciously crafted file might cause perl to
crash or even expose a security vulnerability.

=head1 BUGS AND WARNINGS

There are a number of limits on the size of the data that you can
store in the SDBM file.  The most important is that the length of a
key, plus the length of its associated value, may not exceed 1008
bytes.

See L<perlfunc/tie>, L<perldbmfilter>, L<Fcntl>

=cut